| 徐盼,姜财,纵华琛,涂雪灵,康光涛,刘小玲,徐泳怡,林忠华.半月板Ⅲ级损伤患者的下肢运动学特征分析[J].中国康复,2024,39(5):286-291 |
| 半月板Ⅲ级损伤患者的下肢运动学特征分析 |
| Analysis of kinematic characteristics of lower limbs in patients with grade Ⅲ meniscus injury |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 半月板损伤 生物力学 时空参数 步态变异性 |
| 英文关键词: meniscus injury biomechanics spatiotemporal parameters gait variability |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（81904271）；福建省科技创新联合资金项目（2019Y9026）；福建省卫生健康科技计划项目（2019-ZQNB-2）；福建省科技厅引导性项目（2023Y0052） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的:比较半月板III级损伤患者与正常人步态模式的差异，探究半月板III级损伤对人体下肢运动学特征的影响。方法：选取35例半月板III级损伤患者为半月板损伤（KMI）组，35例正常人为对照组，2组受试者的性别、年龄、体重、身高、身体质量指数（BMI）、职业及运动习惯相匹配，受试者均运用三维步态分析系统采集其常速步行时的步态，主要包括下肢的时空参数及步态偏离指数（GDI）、步态轮廓评分（GPS）、步态变异分数（GVS），比较2组患者下肢运动学特征的差异。结果：在时空参数方面，KMI组较正常组步宽增大（P<0.05）；患膝为右侧时，站立相减少，摆动相增大，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；KMI组患膝为左侧时，KMI患者跨步时长、站立时长、摆动时长增大，步速、步频减小，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；在步态变异性方面，KMI组患膝为左/右侧时，GPS、骨盆前后倾、髋屈伸、髋旋转、膝屈伸及踝背屈跖屈GVS增大，GDI减小，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；KMI组患膝为右侧时，髋内收外展、足前进夹角GVS明显大于正常组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：本研究结果表明半月板III级损伤患者的步态特征与正常人存在显著差异，且整体步态质量下降，可为后续个性化康复提供理论基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective: To compare the differences in gait patterns between patients with grade Ⅲ meniscus injury and normal people, and to explore the effect of grade Ⅲ meniscus injury on the kinematic characteristics of human lower limbs. Methods: A total of 35 patients with grade Ⅲ meniscus injury were selected as the KMI group and 35 normal patients as the control group. Gender, age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), occupation and exercise habits of the two groups were matched. The subjects in the two groups were given a three-dimensional Gait analysis system to collect their gaits during normal speed walking, which mainly included the temporal and spatial parameters of the lower limbs, Gait Deviation Index (GDI), Gait Profile Score (GPS) and Gait Variable Scores (GVS). The differences in lower limb kinematics characteristics were compared between the two groups. Results: In terms of temporal and spatial parameters, the step width of the KMI group was larger than that of normal group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). When the affected knee was on the right side in the KMI group, the standing phase and leg support phase decreased, and the swinging phase increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). When the affected knee was on the left side in the KMI group, the stride time, standing time and swing time of KMI patients increased, while the stride speed and step frequency decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In terms of gait variability, GPS, pelvis forward and forward tilt, hip flexion and extension, hip rotation, knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion increased and GDI decreased in the KMI group when the affected knee was left/right (P<0.05). When the affected knee was right, the GVS of hip adduction and abduction and foot progression in the KMI group was significantly greater than that in the normal group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the gait characteristics of patients with grade Ⅲ meniscus injury are significantly different from those of normal people, and the overall gait quality is decreased, which can provide a theoretical basis for follow-up personalized rehabilitation. |
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