| 陈婵,白玉龙.老年人认知障碍的非药物预防中国指南[J].中国康复,2025,40(12):707-715 |
| 老年人认知障碍的非药物预防中国指南 |
| Chinese guideline for non-pharmacological prevention of cognitive impairment in the elderly |
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| DOI：10.3870/zgkf.2025.12.001 |
| 中文关键词: 老年 认知障碍 预防 指南 |
| 英文关键词: the elderly cognitive impairment prevention guideline |
| 基金项目:国家科技部重点研发计划（2022YFC3601204，2022YFC3601200）；安徽省临床医学研究转化专项（202304295107020091） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的：制定老年人认知障碍的非药物预防中国指南，为预防我国老年人群认知障碍提供指导意见。方法：由国家科技部重点研发计划（2022YFC3601204, 2022YFC3601200）项目组发起，成立康复医学和神经科学专家团队，经多轮会议讨论，结合循证医学方法学，系统检索临床研究数据并评价证据质量，制订指南内容。结果：本指南系统检索和评价了老年人认知障碍的危险因素和非药物预防措施包括认知训练、体育锻炼、健康生活方式等的有效性证据。为了更好地推动老年人认知障碍早期识别和干预，本指南对老年人认知障碍的早期识别和包括非侵入性神经调控技术早期干预进行了证据等级分级推荐。结合国情，本指南也对老年人认知障碍的照护支持工作提出了推荐意见。结论：本指南提供了老年人认知障碍的危险因素、非药物预防、早期识别和早期干预，以及多层次、多学科协助的有效性证据，为促进我国老年人群认知障碍防治相关研究和实践提供了指导意见。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective: To develop a non-pharmacological prevention guideline for cognitive impairment in the elderly in China and provide guidance for the prevention of cognitive impairment in the elderly population in China. Methods: Initiated by the project team of the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC3601204, 2022YFC3601200), an expert team of rehabilitation medicine and neuroscience was established. Through several rounds of meetings, combined with evidence-based medical methodology, clinical research data were systematically retrieved and evidence quality was evaluated to formulate the content of the guidelines. Results: This guideline systematically reviews and evaluates evidence regarding risk factors for cognitive impairment in older adults and the effectiveness of non-pharmacological preventive measures, including cognitive training, physical exercise, and healthy lifestyle interventions. To better promote early identification and intervention of cognitive impairment in older adults, the guideline provides evidence-based recommendations with graded levels of confidence for early detection strategies, including non-invasive neuromodulation technologies for early intervention. Tailored to national conditions, the guideline also offers practical recommendations for care support systems tailored to elderly cognitive impairment management. Conclusion: This guideline provides evidence of the effectiveness of multi-level and multidisciplinary assistance for the risk factors, non-pharmacological prevention, early identification and early intervention of cognitive impairment in the elderly, and provides guidance for promoting the research and practice of cognitive impairment prevention and treatment in the elderly population in China. |
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