| Objective: To investigate the effects of low back muscle and motor function in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients compared with healthy people, and to provide theoretical basis for rehabilitation assessment and intervention treatment of clinical AIS patients. Methods: All 27 cases of S-type AIS patients with lumbar bending and main bending were included as the experimental group. A total of 30 healthy peers were recruited as the healthy group. The activation of the paravertebral and abdominal muscles during trunk flexion and extension was measured using surface electromyography. Core stability was assessed by trunk flexion and extension strength and endurance tests. Functional Movement Screen (FMS) was used to assess motor function and screen for the risk of sports injuries. Results: In trunk flexion and extension tests, there were statistically significant differences in the root mean square (RMS) of paravertebral muscles in the parietal and upper and lower ends of the AIS patients, and that on the convex side was significantly greater than that on the concave side (P<0.05，0.01). There was no significant difference in the RMS value of the rectus abdominalis muscle between the convex and concave side. The RMS ratio of paravertebral muscle in the apical and upper and lower end in the AIS group was greater than 1, and the RMS ratio of bilateral paravertebral muscle in the healthy group was close to 1, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05，0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the activation of rectus abdominis between the two groups. Compared with healthy people, the trunk flexion and extension muscle strength and muscle endurance of AIS patients were decreased (P<0.05，0.01). In the FMS evaluation, the total score of AIS group was lower than that of healthy group (P<0.05，0.01). In the movement subdivision, except that the score of FMS-1 was lower in the AIS group than that of healthy group (P<0.01), there was no significant difference between the two groups in the other 6 FMS movements. Conclusion: The posterior scoliosis has asymmetrical effects on the activation of the paravertebral muscles during trunk flexion and extension, but has less effect on the rectus abdominis muscles. In AIS patients, there is muscle imbalance in the convex and concave side of the spinal paravertebral muscle, and the activation of the convex side is greater than that of the concave side. The core muscle strength and muscle endurance of the trunk were decreased, and the motor function performance was worse than that of healthy peers. Rehabilitation assessment and therapeutic interventions in AIS patients should focus on the patient’s trunk core function and motor performance. The rehabilitation evaluation of AIS patients should focus on the balance of the paravertebral muscles on both sides of the patient’s trunk, and the treatment regimen should include core stability training. |
