| Objective: To study the effects of hyperbaric oxygen combined with treadmill running on endoplasmic reticulum stress, neuronal dendritic spine development and JAK/STAT signaling pathway in young cerebral palsy rats. Methods: In total, 64 young rats were randomly divided into N group (normal control group), M group (model group), H group (model+hyperbaric oxygen), R group (model+treadmill exercise), U group (model+hyperbaric oxygen+treadmill exercise) (12 in N group, and 13 in the rest groups). The model of ischemic hypoxic cerebral palsy was established except for N group. The behavioral changes of young mice in each group were detected using the tactile stimulation test, and the time taken to tear off the tape was recorded. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-10 were detected by ELISA. Endoplasmic reticulum stress indexes ［including the protein expression of protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and cysteine aspartic protease 12 (Caspase-12)］ were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The dendrite density of apical dendrite and basal dendrite was analyzed by staining with Golgi staining kit. Morphological changes of brain tissue and neuronal injury were observed by HE staining. The expression level of JAK/STAT protein was detected by Western blotting. Results: The time of tearing off the tape was longer, and IL-10 level was lower in M group, H group, R group and U group than those in N group (P<0.05). The time of tearing off the tape in H group, R group and U group was shorter than that in M group M, and that in U group was the shortest (P<0.05). Compared with N group, the expression levels of serum TNF-α, IL-1β, brain PERK, Caspase-12, P-JAK2 and P-Stat3 protein in M, H, R and U groups were increased, and IL-10, the density of basal dendrite spines in CA region was decreased (P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, PERK, Caspase-12, P-JAK2 and P-Stat3 in H, R and U groups were decreased, the lowest in U group, IL-10, the density of basal dendrite spines in CA region was increased, and the highest in U group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in JAK2 and STAT3 levels and apical dendrite spine density in CA region among all groups. The cell morphology of H, R and U groups was improved, the cell staining became shallow, the inflammatory infiltration was reduced, and the nerve fiber tangles were alleviated, among which the cell morphology of U group showed the most obvious improvement. Compared with N group, the number of normal nerve cells in M, H, R, and U groups decreased (P<0.05). Compared with M group, the number of normal nerve cells in H, R, and U groups increased, with U group having the greatest number (P<0.05). Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygen and treadmill exercise can improve the endoplasmic reticulum stress and the development of neuronal dendritic spine, inhibit the activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway, and the combined effect is better. |
